The exchange rate is not only a determinant of economic activity but also a factor affecting the performance of stock market. In other words, the exchange rate volatility makes an impact on the stock market of any economy. This study has attempted to determine the relationship between exchange rate and stock prices of Middle East countries, using the GARCH model for the period Jan-2004 to Apr-2018, to make an econometric analysis. In this context, various time series analysis and Granger causality test were applied. Results of analyses show a strong evidence of causation running from exchange rate to stock prices; implying several variations such as Dubai stock prices experienced exchange rate volatility while the Saudi stock market witnessed a unidirectional relationship running from stock prices to exchange rate implying that variations the Saudi exchange rate determines the stock prices volatility. Finally, in the Egyptian stock market, no relationship between the exchange rate and stock prices was witnessed which means that changes in Egyptian stock prices cannot be explained by the volatility in the exchange rate.

This study aimed to know the effect of oil rents on the economic growth of in a panel of nine selected oil exporting countries by the panel integration for 1997 to 2015. Our findings suggest that there is one-way strong causality running from oil rents to GDPG and foreign direct investment. Also, the long run elasticity coefficient reveals that the 1% change in oil rents will change the GDP growth by 0.46%. The results of the coefficient (ECM) are-0.1459 meaning that system corrects its previous period disequilibrium at a speed of 14.5% annually to reach at the steady state. OPEC countries should pursue an integrated economic policy by diversifying sources of GDP and not relying solely on oil revenues because the latter is heavily affected by fluctuations in world oil prices and the exchange rate against local currencies.

Evaluating the sources of economic growth is obviously important, and numerous attempts have been made to judge the impact of many different factors on economic growth. Since some empirical studies have reported that information technology (IT) is one of the important factors in economic growth, this paper explores the impact of ICT on the economic growth of nine Arab countries (United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Bahrain, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Lebanon, Morocco, and Oman) during the period 1997-2015. To achieve the objective of the study, a methodology was used to mix time series data with a (Panel data Approach) model by applying Fixed Effects Model (FEM) and Random Effects Model (REM). The results of the study showed that ICT has a positive statistical impact on economic growth. This means that increased Internet usage is leading to increased GDP growth. In order to increase GDP growth, Arab governments should continue to invest in ICT for their positive impact on economic growth.

The purpose this present article is to investigate the influence of the e-commerce on Libya's economic growth. This is achieved through the use of vector autoregressive (VAR) and co-integration techniques. In this respect the relationship between variables will be analyzed by using annual data for 1999 to 2015. The results suggest that both series are integrated with order one I (1), the existence of a long-term relationship between e-commerce and economic growth. It is estimated that the development of e-commerce has a statistically significant and positive influence on Libyan economic growth. Finally, this article proposes the appropriate e-commerce development approach to make e-commerce have a bigger role in Libya economic growth.

The study examined the impact of FDI on economic growth in Libya, the study relied on statistical analysis techniques for SPSS, after analyzing the data using several techniques for statistical analysis or revealing the relationship between independent variables (foreign investment, labor force, the inflation rate in the economy) And the dependent variable (growth rate in the Libyan economy) for 16 years during the period 2000-2015. In the light of data analysis, a quantitative approach was used using self-regression analysis. The results of the normative analysis of the relationship between growth rate In Libya and some independent variables, the increase in foreign direct investment by 1% leads to an increase in GDP by 0.215%, the estimated public line gave the best results, and this satisfies the assumption that increasing foreign direct investment leads to a high rate of economic growth in Libya.

This paper reveals the conditional correlations and fluctuation spillovers between oil price shocks and stock markets indices in Middle East countries, over the period from March 2000 to March 2015, by using the BEKK-GARCH, DCC-GARCH models. The results show strong evidence of fluctuation spillovers between the price of WTI to all exporting and oil importing stock indexes. The results further show that the estimates of the conditional correlations are always significant. Time-varying correlations of crude oil and stock index do not differ from oil-exporter or oil-importer countries. Crude oil price shocks have a significant impact on the relationship between crude oil and stock indices in the world crisis periods. The extent of the influence stock market collapse in 2008 crisis on the correlation coefficients is much more important than those of the previous financial crises.

The aim of this paper was to investigate the influence of oil price fluctuations on the nominal exchange rate of US dollar in Libya, we have used vector error correction estimates (VECM) test through monthly time series data covering the period between January 2000 to December 2015. This is an important topic for study due to price oil volatility can affect a country's terms of trade which can affect its competitiveness. The experimental results revealed for a bidirectional causality relationship between prices of oil and exchange rate. Additionally, the findings reveal that a 10% rise in the oil price coincides with a 27% exchange rate depreciation in the long run and that the causality runs from oil to the dollar. This implies that prices of oil are an important variable in determining the strength of the currency and its volatility. Therefore, the Libya government should consider the influences of oil prices when formulating and implementing economies policies especiall the nominal exchange rate policies as this will help to enhance the exchange rate in Libya. Additionally, diversify more their economics.

This paper aims to examine the effects of oil price shocks on the economical development in Libya during the period 1968-2016, using annual data. A unit root test was conducted, in which the series was shown to be non-stationary in the level, and all variables became stationary in the first difference.. The co-integration model was applied, and the results indicated that there is a long-term relationship of oil prices on the economical development. Finally, this study concludes that increases in oil price did not significantly affect the manufacturing sector in aggregate terms. Moreover, the negative impact on the sector of agriculture Thus, this study has a significant impact in the Libyan economy in policy development on oil prices. The Libyan government needs to control the price to make sure that price volatility will not harm the manufacturing, agriculture and construction sectors.